WEEK 14!!

JUNE 01, 2015; MONDAY; 10a.m.-12p.m.; at BILIK MESYUARAT FAKULTI;

Assalamualaikum and hi everyone!

I don't know what should I feel either happy or sad. This is our last session in this semester that had been held at BMF. Honestly, I don't like class at here. I feel like dizziness and nausea because I have to look at sideways whenever want to look at slides shown or the lecturer.

Alright, I've been enlighten about Biogeochemical Cycles. Attached video is explained about this topic and it is just same as Dr. Wan said. Have a look at this!

I want to add, cellulose, and lignin can be found in plant cell wall. It can be degrade into organic matter as starch, hydrocarbons, lipids and hemicellulose.

3 major process in Nitrogen Cycle: 

1) Nitrification

2) Denitrification

3) Nitrogen fixation

Denitrification is DISSIMILATORY processtaht use nitrate as the electron acceptor to produce ATP. In other words, reduction of nitrates back into the largely inert nitrogen gas (N2) or Nitrous oxide (N2O) and Nitrite (NO2), by Pseudomonas under anaerobic condition. NItrite can be reduced directly to ammonia by Geobacter sp. , Desulfovibrio sp. and Clostridium sp.

New term: Rhizotroph is a procaryote which can produce Nitrogen.

Did you know that lightning can fix nitrogen? Nitrogen is useful  in soil as fertilizers and as amino acid in protein. 

Furthermore, I interested to know that Shewanella sp. can generate electricity.

J.-H. Lee, M.-G. Kim, B. Yoo, N. V. Myung, J. Maeng, T. Lee, A. C. Dohnalkova, J. K. Fredrickson, M. J. Sadowsky, H.-G. Hur. Biogenic formation of photoactive arsenic-sulfide nanotubes by Shewanella sp. strain HN-41. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007; 104 (51): 20410 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0707595104

The LAST topic for this semester is Aspect of Biotechnology in Microbial Ecology. It is all about study the relationship between microorganism and environment and microorganism itself. In this topic, I should know the function of microorganisms in ecosystem. Some of the functions are:

1) As pollutants

2) Cause pollution

3) Indicator of pollution (e.g: biofilm, lichen)

4) Reduce pollution (e.g: alkali)

That's all from me.. See you all in next semester!! :) ;)

WEEK 12

WEDNESDAY, 20TH MAY 2015

The class is begin with a lot of question by Dr. Wan. She likes to let us think and find out by ourselves. No such thing "I don't know" when we were asked. As university students, we should say "I'm not sure about that, but later I'll find out".. :D

Some of question from Dr.

1. Do you know what is biological agent?
   It is other living organism that we use to control/kill/inhibit growth
2. Daun Kapal Terbang have antimicrobial properties. It had been used since couple decade years ago to treat wounds.
   
3. What is meant by isolate?
   Isolate is to obtain (a substance or microorganism) or sample in an uncombined or pure state.
   
4. How would we know the temperature for it to grow?
   From source of place that we take the sample.
   1) Identify
   2) Prepare media
   3) Isolate
   
5. Pure culture is the growth of only one microorganism in a culture. We can do subculture into a fresh media.
6. What makes them grow? Get nutrient.

THURSDAY, 21ST MAY 2015; BS1.4; 9A.M. - 11A.M.

Today, we learned a new application which is thinglink

At the same day, we have learnt how to use scoop.it and this is mine. :)

WEEK 11

WEDNESDAY, 13th MAY 2015; BS 1.6

Hey, assalamualaikum all!

Class had been started at 8.30 morning. We are celebrating our dearest mommy Dr. Wan Zuhainis's birthday.

Okay, lets continue...

Then, Dr Wan finished on topic Principles of Ecology. We were asked to summarise what we have learned on this topic.

Thanks to Radin's group for preparing a very attractive and funny video in powtoon about Principle of Ecology.

Without referring to a lecture notes, we have to describe what we have learnt and what we know about biogeochemical cycles by using Popplet.

I've done doing quizzes about this topic in Kubbu and have been graded. 

:'(

WEEK 10

WEDNESDAY, 6th MAY 2015

Hey, Assalamualaikum all!

I would like to reflect a little bit about algae as what I've learnt just now in lecture. Can you imagine What does it look like? Let me show you..

Filamentous Algae

Volvox aureus, a species of green alga commonly found in lakes, ponds and ditches

What special about algae are the differences with other photosynthetic eucaryotes which are lack of vascular conducting system and have simple reproductive structure.

There are 3 types which are planktonic (suspended in aqueous environment), benthic(attached and living on the bottom of water) and neustonic (at water-atmosphere interface). According to wikipedia, river ecosystems are prime examples of lotic ecosystems. Lotic refers to flowing water. Start from terrestrial, there are moist rocks, trees and soil. Endosymbionts are smaller symbiotic partners living inside a host organism, establishing endosymbiosis. The symbionts may live within the host's cells (intracellular) or outside cells (extracellular) in multicellular hosts like protozoa, mollusks, worms, corals, fungi(lichen).

Taxonomical, morphological and ecological diversity among green algae

lichen

mollusks

I'm not very clear about these three terms which are oogamy, isogamy and heterogamy. As I explore, all the three terms mean 'Union of gametes or sex cells or eggs and the sperms during fertilization '. 'Gamy' is the common factor that indicates union. The difference lies in the type of gametes or sex cells. .

• Isogamy & Heterogamy ---> Female and male
• Oogamy & Heterogamy ---> Motile and non-motile 
• Syngamy --> Fusion of gamete into zygote

Did you ever heard that diatoms stores their food in form of oil? It is exciting right? Let us see this simple diaghgram

 That's all from me. :)

_________________________________________________________________________________

FRIDAY, 8TH MAY 2015; Kampung Selat, Parit, Perak

I had very busy and exhausting day at Perak. I can't attend class today because of Bakti Siswa 'Siswa@Kampung' under Co-curricular. I had stayed with my adopted parents house for 3 days 2 night.

Everything went smoothly, and I am having fun while working hard like doing mural and ect. and learning something new each and everyday. Whats make I frust is that I got a pretty bad sunburn on my face. Hmm... Okay, I've look forward to work and learn everyday instead of hating it.

I even have some left over work as treasurer to meet them tomorrow.

Well it is time to do my stretching exercises for my back and I feel like getting fever. Hopefuly not.

Have a great night and a sparkling day tomorrow. Bye all!

WEEK 9

APRIL 29,2015 ; WEDNESDAY

Assalamualaikum :)

Today we learn about Microbial Groups. I think I like this topic because it's quiiet easy to understand and of course because the lecture note thinner than others. Okay, let's get started! Before this, I think to indicate microbial growth, we have to look at the size of population or individual growth. But that's was wrong. Microbial growth is based on size of population. Did you know the methods of microbial reproduction? There is 5 which are binarry fission, budding, fragmentation, formation of spores and sexual reproduction.

The terms pure culture is only use in the laboratory because microorganisms do not grow as pure culture in the environment but it's exist as microbial community out there. Then, we go through requirements for development of microbial community. Firstly, physical growth requirements are light, temperature, pH, water activity and osmotic pressure. Microbes that need light we call it as phototroph because it undergo photosynthesis to produce glucose. The lower density of light, lower phototrophs while in terms of wavelenght, it depends on photopigments. Based on the notes, I don't really understand what is meant by require/kill by light. Later I will ask Dr. Wan. Secondly, temperature will affects microbial reproduction. There are 3 groups of microbes:
a. Mesophiles (25-40 C)
b. Psychrophiles ( <0 C but optimal at 15C)
c. Psychrotrophs (optimal at 20-30 C)
d. Thermophiles (optimal 45 C - 50 C or higher)

Next is pH. Most bacteria can grow in pH 5-9 while fungi from pH 2-9. Very important to differentiate between Acidophiles and Alkaliphiles. Acidiphiles can survive in extreme low pH like archaebacteria while alkaliphiles prefer alkaline condition.

Water activity and osmotic pressure also important to make water movement. Water is very necessary for growth. What's difference between bacteria and fungi is in their habitat. Higher water activity for bacteria and vice versa. What is osmosis? It is diffusion of fluid through a semipermeable membrane from high concentration of water to low concentration of water. Osmotic pressure is needed to make froce to drive water movement. In addition,

Hypertonic --> Plasmolysis; Hypotonic --> Lysis

 Water Activity is the measurement of water that are not associated with solids or solutes (free water). The lower the solute, the higher the water activity that support more microorganisms like bacteria need 0.91 while fungi need 0.7 only. Water will flow from higher water activity to lower water activity. As an example, honey will absorb water from the air.

That's all for today. BYE :)

WEEK 8

APRIL 22,2015; WEDNESDAY; 8.45AM -1200PM; 1.6 & 1.4

Assalamualaikum w.b.t

This is our first class with Dr. Wan Zuhainis. The lecture started at 8.45am at  BT1.6. Before we go through one by one of topic Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Algae, Protozoa and Virus. We are asked to form group of 6 which are Sabrina, Dayang, Zahirah, Sajidah, Erra and I and make a mind map on topic Protozoa by using Popplet.

This is how the mind map look like :)

I suggest you visit this to learn more and explore about this mind map. Good luck!

My part

Later, I will present about Sarcomastigophora which is divided into subphylum Mastigophora and Sarcodina within 2 minutes. I hope my group to succeed in this presentation. Ameen :)

:: Semester 2 ::

APRIL 21, 2015; TUESDAY

Hello everyone..
I'm  back.

Today, I would like to share what I've learnt in 7 weeks lectures delivered by Dr Sieo Chin Chin.
To me, her skills in teaching is very good and the most thing I've impress with her is she never refused to explain what ever we were asked although have to restart from A to Z clearly. Thanks Dr :)

She taught us on topic Nomenclature and Immunology. For topic nomenclature, I think it is same as previous lecture in last semester. But, surely there is a bit different.

On second week of lecture, we have done our first assignment which is we have to submit two books images of Bergey's Manual.
Here the images :

Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology

Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology

Next, our second assignment based on the lecture notes and then produce a mindmap on the followings:

1. Classification Systems
2. Techniques/Methods for Classification and Identification. 

If I'm not mistaken, this assignment is graded 10 marks.

I was really upset because after the mind map had been submitted, I noticed a lot of mistake that I made on the mind map. Only one person got correct and surely she got full marks. Good job Atikah Nadia :) 

A bit about the mind map, there are three ways in classification of bacteria which are phenetic, phylogenetic and genotypic.

Furthermore, we have to identify the type of analysis for relevant catogories either it is under classical or molecular and etcfor third assignment. This assignment, we have to refer to the Article Identification of M. jalaludinii . Honestly, I hate to read this article. It is hard to understand .

Add caption

Also, she made a quiz in edmodo about this topic on how to write name of bacteria with various type of example and I got 14/15. Yeaahhh!


Before we go through on topic immunology, Dr Sieo oftenly remind us about how hard this topic and focus! And yet, I feel it is hard and stressful. :'(

But, at the end of the lecture, yes! I got it. I understant now how the process is it and much more. For example, there are 3 lines of body defens.

Besides, immunity is devided into 2:

1. Specific immunity
2. Non-specific immunity

• Internal innate immunity (2nd line of defense)
• External innate immunity (1st line of defense)

Antibodies GAMDE/MEGAD :D

• IgG
• IgA
• IgM
• IgD
• IgE

Last lecture on Friday, we had a grouping quiz. We enjoy the moment. About 30 question provided. Based on the marks written on the white board, we got 3rd place over 6 group. Well done to all!

We made a wonderful mindmap about immunology. Alhamdulillah, succeed!! :)

Our mind map hold by Dr :)

Mine

Gonna miss you Dr :*

 That is all for now. Thank you and BYE...